Iran’s communications minister has warned that extensive internet restrictions now pose risks to both economic activity and national security. Speaking to knowledge-based business activists, Minister of Information and Communications Technology Sattar Hashemi said current filtering policies have moved beyond technical control and created broader structural problems.
Hashemi said widespread filtering has reduced internet quality across the country. He explained that restrictions now affect a wide range of services, not just major global platforms. As a result, businesses face slower speeds, unstable access, and rising operational costs. He described the internet as a critical resource for companies and stressed that economic activity depends on reliable connectivity.
The minister argued that prolonged limitations have weakened productivity in Iran’s digital economy. He said startups, technology firms, and online service providers struggle to compete under existing conditions. According to Hashemi, restoring stable access would support innovation, employment, and private investment.
He also highlighted the rapid expansion of the VPN market. Hashemi said demand for circumvention tools has created a disorganized and costly underground economy. He claimed spending in this market now exceeds the annual budgets of some government ministries. He added that uncontrolled VPN usage has disrupted network integrity and increased security vulnerabilities.
Public debate over internet access has intensified in recent years. Many Iranians have called for fewer restrictions and more affordable connectivity. However, senior leadership has repeatedly emphasized tighter management of cyberspace. Iran’s Supreme Leader has previously stated that unrestricted internet access should not be considered a national achievement.
International digital rights groups continue to rank Iran among countries with the lowest levels of internet freedom. They cite extensive filtering, state surveillance, and communication shutdowns during periods of unrest. These conditions have raised concerns among investors and technology companies operating in the country.
As access becomes more limited, some users have turned to alternative solutions. Satellite internet services have gained attention despite regulatory barriers. Meanwhile, reports of so-called white internet connections have fueled controversy. These mobile lines reportedly offer fewer restrictions and are sold at high prices in informal markets.
The distribution of white SIM cards to officials and select professionals has drawn criticism. Observers say unequal access risks deepening social and economic divisions. Supporters argue such measures protect essential sectors and sensitive infrastructure.
Concerns have also resurfaced over a tiered internet system approved by the Supreme Council of Cyberspace. Under this model, access levels vary by profession or institutional affiliation. Critics warn the policy undermines equal access to information, while supporters view it as a management tool.
Looking ahead, analysts expect continued tension between security priorities and economic demands. Business leaders are urging clearer policies and broader access. The outcome may shape Iran’s digital economy and governance approach in the coming years.